Steven Paul "Steve" Jobs ( February
24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was
an American entrepreneur. He is
best known as the co-founder, chairman, and chief executive officer of Apple Inc. Through Apple, he was widely recognized as a
charismatic pioneer of the personal
computer revolution and, for his
influential career in the computer and consumer
electronics fields. Jobs also
co-founded and served as chief executive of Pixar Animation Studios; he became a member of the board of directors of The Walt
Disney Company in 2006, when Disney
acquired Pixar.
In the late 1970s,
Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak engineered one of the first commercially successful
lines of personal computers, the Apple II series. Jobs was among the first to see the commercial
potential of Xerox PARC's mouse-driven graphical
user interface, which led to the creation of the Apple Lisa and, one year later, the Macintosh. By introducing the LaserWriter he enabled a revolution called desktop
publishing.
After losing a power
struggle with the board of directors in 1985, Jobs left Apple and founded NeXT, a computer platform development company specializing in the
higher-education and business markets. In 1986, he acquired the computer
graphics division ofLucasfilm, which was spun off as Pixar. He was credited in Toy Story (1995) as an executive producer. He served as CEO and
50.1% majority shareholder until Disney bought Pixar in 2006. Jobs received 7% of Disney shares, and
joined the Board of Directors as the largest individual shareholder. By 1996, Apple had failed to deliver a
new operating system, Copland. Gil Amelio turned to NeXT Computer, and the NeXT STEP platform became the foundation for the Mac OS X. Jobs returned to Apple as an advisor,
and took control of the company as an interim CEO. Jobs brought Apple from near
bankruptcy to profitability by 1998.
As the new CEO of the
company, Jobs oversaw the development of the iMac, iTunes,iPod, iPhone, and iPad, and on the services side, the company's Apple Retail Stores,iTunes Store and the App Store. The success of these products and services provided
several years of stable financial returns, and propelled Apple to become the
world's most valuable publicly traded company in 2011. The reinvigoration of the company is
regarded by many commentators as one of the greatest turnarounds in business
history.
In 2003, Jobs was
diagnosed with a pancreas neuroendocrine
tumor. Though it was
initially treated, he reported a hormone imbalance, underwent a liver
transplant in 2009, and appeared progressively thinner as his health declined. On medical leave for most of 2011,
Jobs resigned in August that year, and was elected Chairman of the Board. He
died of respiratory arrest related to his metastatic tumor on October 5, 2011.
Jobs has received a
number of honors and public recognition for his influence in the technology and
music industries. He has widely been referred to as "legendary", a
"futurist" or simply "visionary", and has been described as the
"Father of the Digital Revolution", a "master of innovation", and a "design perfectionist".
Soureces of information: www.wikipedia.org
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